History - 2168 Words

GRAAD 12 NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 HISTORY P1 FEBRUARY/MARCH 2012 MARKS: 150 TIME: 3 hours This question paper consists of 10 pages and an addendum of 12 pages. Copyright reserved Please turn over History/P1 2 NSC DBE/Feb.–Mar. 2012 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. This question paper consists of FOUR questions based on the prescribed content framework as contained in the guideline document: QUESTION 1: WHAT WAS THE IMPACT OF THE COLD WAR IN FORMING THE WORLD AS IT WAS IN THE 1960s? †¢ USSR/USA – Creating spheres of interest: Focus on Cuba QUESTION 2: HOW WAS UHURU REALISED IN AFRICA IN THE 1960s AND 1970s? †¢ Case Study: Tanzania QUESTION 3: WHAT FORMS OF CIVIL SOCIETY PROTEST EMERGED FROM THE 1960s UP TO 1990? †¢ Focus†¦show more content†¦(1 x 2) (Written source) In what ways does the visual source convey the message of African socialism in Tanzania? (2 x 2) How does the visual source differ from the written source regarding communal farming? (2 x 2) Comment on whether Tanzanias policy of self-reliance was successful. (2 x 2) (2) 2.1.3 (2) 2.1.4 (4) 2.1.5 (4) 2.1.6 (4) 2.2 Study Source 2B. 2.2.1 2.2.2 Define the concept single-party system in your own words. (1 x 2) (2) Explain whether Nyerere was successful in implementing a single-party (2 x 2) system in Tanzania. (Statement 1) How did Nyerere ensure that parliamentarians were in touch with ordinary Tanzanians? (Statement 2) (1 x 2) Explain what the words they must have hated it tell you about the (2 x 2) attitude of Tanzanian parliamentarians. (Statement 2) Using the information from Statements 1 and 2, as well as your own knowledge, explain which ONE of the statements you think would be most useful regarding Nyereres rule of Tanzania. (2 x 2) (4) 2.2.3 (2) 2.2.4 (4) 2.2.5 (4) 2.3 Explain the limitations of Sources 2A and 2B to a historian studying Nyereres rule of Tanzania. (2 x 2) Using the information from ALL the sources and your own knowledge, write a paragraph of about EIGHT lines (about 80 words) explaining the impact of Nyereres policy of African socialism on Tanzania. (4) 2.4 (8) Copyright reserved Please turn over History/P1 6 NSCShow MoreRelatedHistory And History : History1540 Words   |  7 PagesAmrozia Shahram History 1301. P09 Essay History is integral part of our lives and historians play an important role to preserve history. Historians are present in every society. They have been around probably throughout the history of humanity. Their work however has become more methodical and systematic now. Modern day historians spend a lot of time searching for the truth from various sources of past information. These days so much information is available and this information is interpretedRead MoreHistory And Its Impact On History808 Words   |  4 PagesHistory is a course that contains a lot of fundamental information. It is a science that studies the past of the human race and the human civilizations, assists us to comprehend the present, so we have a better vision for the future. The History seeks to reconstitute the past event. For the reason, history has its objectives, methods. All the information of history is related to the time and space because the consideration of an historical event requires placing it i n time and in a given space. ByRead MoreHistory3115 Words   |  13 Pagesstudy history? There is no doubt that the primary purpose of schooling is to prepare students to function effectively in the world, and thereby to assist society to function effectively as well. We study the past in school not because students need to know a collection of old facts, but because history helps them understand how the world works and how human beings behave. Knowledge of the past is required for understanding present realities. When people share some common knowledge of history, theyRead MoreHistory And Its Impact On History1556 Words   |  7 Pagespeak at a current history lesson taught in a classroom, the common outsider will likely find nothing wrong with its content or presentation. They hear many famous names and key dates of the famous people and events of the past and do not bat an eyelash because they learned history in the same way. On the other hand, if a historian were to walk into that same classroom, they would be incredibly disappointed by the fact that students are not really learning how to practice history. Granted, they probablyRead MoreBig History : A New Form Of History1190 Words   |  5 Pages12, 2014 Big History Big History, which was developed by David Christian and Bill Gates, is a new form of history that is continuously popping up in several high schools and colleges across the country. 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Some of these formsRead MoreEssay on History and Memory882 Words   |  4 PagesGate 42 Analysis Throughout gate 42, Mark Baker combines both assumed history and a plethora of evocative language techniques to recreate the death of his grandmother, Hinda. From such a technique, one can infer that when history and memory combine, the interplay allows a heightened understanding and perceptive insight into events of the past; specifically the Holocaust. Such a theory becomes evident within the opening of Gate 42, as Baker uses the repetitive symbol of a Jewish poem to draw theRead More The Importance of History Essay992 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is history? Should we study history? Who creates history? Is history relevant? The definition of history, is a question which has sparked international debate for centuries between the writers, readers, and the makers of history. It is a vital topic which should be relevant in our lives because it?s important to acknowledge past events that have occurred in our world that deeply influences the present. This essay will discuss what history is, and why we study it. History is the studyRead MoreWhat is History? Essay792 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is History? The definition of history, is a question which has sparked international debate for centuries between the writers, readers, and the makers of history. In the words of acclaimed historian Edward Gibbon, History is indeed little more than the register of the crimes, follies and misfortunes of mankind. A more romantic view on the subject was taken by Cicero. He said, History is the witness that testifies the passing of time. It illuminates reality, vitalizes memory, providesRead MoreThe Social History Of Medicine855 Words   |  4 Pagesinclude articles that are profoundly insistent upon the importance of ‘history from below’ in developing and constituting understandings of health and medicine. As these articles were primarily structured and written during the cultural and linguistic turn in historical analysis it is clear that they present arguments that aim to revise modernist approaches to the social history of medicine. Most of which are interested in the history of published medical texts or the views of the medical elite. The article

Customer Rebates Management

Question: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of rebates for the customer and the manufacturer? Answer: Logistics and Supply Chain Management Disadvantages and Advantages of rebates for the manufactures and customers Customer: Advantage: A program of rebate can help in instilling of brand loyalty and creating awareness for a product. When there is a full refund or coupon to make free purchase then the customers think of purchasing a new product (Bragg, 2013). Disadvantage: When the procedure of the rebate is complex then a customer can simply discard the required verification of the purchases and never mail the rebate. Manufacturer: Advantages to Manufacturer: Rebates help in inducing the prospective customers to try the product. Disadvantages to Manufacturer: Manufacturers due to rebate are not able to keep up with the demand. Mail-in rebates a method to divide the customers in categories Mail in rebates is a type of discrimination. The reason for this is that the lower class people are less likely to redeem the rebates than the educated upper middle-class. Working of Mail-In Rebate The first step in rebate is for the manufacturer who issues offer of rebate to those purchasing the product. The purchaser signs and mails it back to the manufacturer with the UPC to the address specified. The purchasers mainly send this form to the clearinghouses hired by the manufacturers. The time taken for processing is four to eight weeks. The clearinghouse then sends the purchaser the check in the name of the manufacturer (Datta Gulati, 2011). Benefit derived from Supply chain from Mail-in rebate A manufacturer will be able gain profit from the supply chain when the customer does not claim the rebate. Need for customers to Mail in Rebate The customers need to mail in the rebate because then only the manufacturers can understand that the product has been purchased. Ethical for the manufacturer to offer Mail in Rebate It is ethical for the manufacturers to offer Mail- in rebate but the manufacturer must also help the customer to avail the rebate. References Bragg, S. (2013).Accounting best practices. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Datta, S., Gulati, S. (2011).Utility Rebates for ENERGY STAR Appliances: Are They Effective?. ZuÃÅ'ˆrich: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, CEPE - Centre for Energy Policy and Economics.

Mafia Subculture free essay sample

In todays lifetime, there are numerous different cultures that are continuing to develop. We look at culture as a way of expressing behavior patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions, and all other products of human work. But with these ways, our cultures are being divided into countercultures, which are typically carried out by the younger generation with values or lifestyles in hostility to those of the established culture. A subculture social group within a world culture that has distinguishing pattern of behavior and beliefs. An example of a division of culture would be the Mafia, an organized crime family or business. The members in this group share and are committed to a common set of norms and values. The Mafias lifestyle principles are directly opposed to those of the dominant society. The meaning the Mob affiliates has a behavior that serves to unite them at the same time, which separates them from normal American culture. We will write a custom essay sample on Mafia Subculture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Many characteristic titles are given to the organized crime or mob. The people that construct these groups are viewed as killers. But our culture ends not to view the organized crime subculture for what it really is. An organized crime enterprise is a criminal group that provides unlawful goods or services on a regular basis. An example would be a narcotics wholesaler. Therefore it is a criminal firm, family or business organization. (Report p. 26) The mafias made membership in the United States in 1 963 was approximately 5,000. Twenty-five hundred of these were in five families in New York City; 300 or more were in Chicago, the other major city of widespread organized crime activity, under one family. Recognition of the moon ethnic tie of the members of the mafia is necessary to understanding its organization. (Machine p. 0) The mafia was a form of behavior and a kind of power. Members were known as soldiers or wise guys. The soldiers were the individuals, mainly young middle-aged men who, along with their nonmember associates, engaged in the illegal activities of organized crime. Gambling narcotics, loan-sharking, hijacking, labor racketeering, are just some of the illegal offenses. (Railcars pop) There were also those who engaged in the legal activities of organized crime: garbage espousal, restaurants and bars, vending machines, produce, trucking, and garment manufacturing. Wherever the mafia could get their hands on money, they were involved. They controlled the underground world in major cities. (Denned p. 40) A Don, who was insulated from actual operations by several layers of authority, ultimately controlled each family. According to accepted belief, the Dons closest and most trusted advisor was referred to as the consigliore. In reality, the consigliore was meant to be something of a hearing officer who was charged with intervening intra-family disputes. He also takes care of the economical side of the business. An under boss was likely as well. There were then a number of regimes with a varying number of soldiers who conducted actual operations.Each regime was headed by a chaperonage, who reported to the boss. When the boss made a decision, he never issued orders directly to the soldiers who would carry it out, but instead passed instructions down through the chain of command. In this way, the higher levels of the organization were effectively insulated from incrimination if a lower level ember should be captured by law enforcement. (Railcars p 82) A hit or assassination of a made man had to be approved by the leadership of his family, or retaliatory hits would be made, possibly inciting a war. King pop) Behavior patterns were different depending on whom you were doing business with and how well you knew the boss. Some men were aggressive and some were peaceful, there were all different characters in mob organizations but all had their priorities, which consisted of making money and making sure that the business grew With respect. Respect was one of the important factors on the street along with appearance. (Report p. 1 7) The look Of perfectly groomed businessman was an appearance Of faultlessly costumed men in public. (Machine p. 1) usually a mafia member would spend their mornings and nights mainly drinking and doing illegal gambling. (Report p. 1 8) Money came easy to the members in the group but with its benefits came its negatives. With becoming a made man in the mafia, a man didnt have much to worry about unless certain sanctions were violated, for example slipping undisclosed information out too the public or law enforcement about the mob. If you so much as whisper our secret to the trees, you will die! If you are arrested, you must not tell about me or you will die.But if you are in trouble we will help you with everything we have said Capons. When Capons man was caught and testified in court, a fellow mob member was in the court, he crooked the index finger, and gripped the bent finger between his teeth, then pulled the finger away and ran the fingertip around his collar. (King p. 55) It was the mafias sign of death and a dangerous organization to get involved with. Organized crime relationship with the dominant society was important. The business of the American mafia was fundamentally illegal, and its success also involved law enforcements failures.To a certain extent the mafia control was make easy by the long-established corrupt alliances between politicians, racketeers, and cops. But sometimes its anticrime strategies were flawed. (Denned p. 68) Around the 1 8805 on, New York police policies on Italian gang crimes shifted too let them kill each other. Because the mafias were mainly made up of Italians, the American society looked at the members as a unique group of super-criminals. To the society they were powerful, well-entrenched organized crime group. (Railcars p. 102) A description of the rise Of the American Mafia is more than just a crime story.It is a window into American society demonstrating the workings of political, governmental, and economic forces. It is a story that is often ignored in text on American government. But yet being in the Mafia shows how their bosses had a great deal to say about how America was governed. The reason for the American Mafia is an account of how groups of criminals, achieved, enhanced, and maintained their power, in large part because they were more skilled, better organized, and better managed than their rivals or the law enforcement agencies that opposed them.

Islamic Influences in the Middle East

Islamic Influences in the Middle East Free Online Research Papers The inception of the Islamic religion resulted from a series of revelations that Muhammad, who is considered by Muslims to be the last of a line of prophets, received from Allah dating back to the year 610. Islam, with the Qur’an acting as its guide, has since transformed from a religion into a complete way of life for Muslims. This way of life made a great impact on the early development of the Middle East and continues to have a lasting impression on the politics and culture of the Arab nations. Before the revelations of Muhammad in the 600’s, the Middle Eastern territories weren’t any different than the European nations at this time. Syria, Palestine, Egypt and Anatolia were all united politically and culturally with the rest of the Greco-Roman world under the leadership of Constantinople while the Mesopotamia valley divided the Byzantine and Persian Empires. The spread of Muhammad’s messages soon became unpopular with the power-elite in the city of Mecca so he and his followers emigrated from Mecca to the city of Medina. The emigration, which is thought to have officially started Islamic history, was just the beginning of what soon resulted in Muhammad gaining control of most of the Arab land for the sake of Islam. They occupied Palestine in 636, Mesopotamia in 637, Syria and Egypt in 640 and Persia in 642. The majority of the population in the areas conquered by Muhammad’s followers converted to Islam, creating a permanent cultural frontier between Europe and the Muslim world. During this time period of Islamic expansion, the Islamic Middle Eastern cities became the centers of cultural and economic activity in western Eurasia. Cities like Baghdad became largely populated due to this expansion boosting a successful trading economy and rich cultural life. The Middle Eastern Islamic societies soon became considered among the elite due to the fact that literature, architecture, medicine and science were far in advance of anything established in Western Europe. Today there is an estimated 1.3 billion Muslims in the world with 18 percent still living in the Middle East. Even though the majority of Muslims live in Eastern Asia, the Islamic ideals still dominate Middle Eastern politics. In recent times Islam has been viewed in a negative light due to Islamic Extreme groups who have successfully completed numerous terrorist operations for the sake of their Islamic views. Because of these groups, many countries have issued a War on Terrorism to help eliminate such terrorist activities as well as punish countries that help fund and support them. Unfortunately most Muslims do not share these same extremist views yet their Islamic views are associated with them. Research Papers on Islamic Influences in the Middle EastAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeBringing Democracy to AfricaCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionPETSTEL analysis of IndiaInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married Males19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationWhere Wild and West MeetNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This Nice

Email and Postal Rules Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Email and Postal Rules - Essay Example According to the study over the last couple of decades, beginning from the 1990s, there is a sharp decline of letter writing in accordance to the report of UK postal service. Of course, official letters are still in use and the postal department delivers them throughout the world. However, in the context of casual letter writing, there is a diminishing trend and the fundamental cause of this trend is globalization and the impact of internet communication along with other telecommunication agents. Acceptance and offer analysis is an age-old approach of contract law, which is used in order to determine whether there is an agreement between two individuals or parties. A number of things can be offered, like a fax, newspaper, letter, email and also conduct as long as it conveys the idea of the offered given in the contract. An invitation to treat is not considered as an offer as it only indicates that a person is willing to discuss a contract. If the person the offer has been made to rejects it, the offer is destroyed, as it cannot be received in the future. Like in the case of Hyde v. Wrench, in reply to an offer for selling an estate at a definite price, the plaintiff responded with a lower price. Thus, the offer was then refused and when the plaintiff wanted to buy the estate at the former price, they could not as no contract was signed with the initial offer and hence it did not exist. The late 1990s and 2000s can be referred to as a new era of sunshine gradually but progressively scattering its rays all over the world, incorporating the nations, bringing

Organized Crime Is a Threat to National Security Essay

Organized Crime Is a Threat to National Security - Essay Example There are people who collect money from shopkeepers in context of providing the required support. Prominent disciplinary structure transforms these gangs into a well-organized group. This organized group is at times referred to as a mob. To great extent, it poses threat to national security due to a wide range of illegal activities that can affect many lives. Organized crime is a conspiratorial enterprise, indulged in illicit activities so as to gain high-profit margins. The concept encompasses bribery and violence to enhance overall operational procedure. It initiates grievous retribution so as to sustain external and internal control. This form of the enterprise also contributes towards election campaigns in order to gain political support for achieving immunity. Political parties are witnessed to support such enterprises and this eventually leads to further growth of crime or terrorism in a nation. The wide range of activities undertaken by this enterprise is credit card fraud, in surance fraud, illegal gambling, kidnapping, gun running, narcotics trade, smuggling, pornography, racketeering, vehicle theft, prostitution, etc. Internet and international terrorism enabled organized crime to spread across the wider geographical area. This conspiratorial enterprise also utilizes sophisticated methods and high tech firms for transfer of weaponry and money. Monopolization can be stated as a major area of concern for cartel, triad, mafia and syndicate. To be more precise there are certain unique characteristics possessed by organized crime which differentiates it from unorganized crime. In this study, these characteristics will be further elaborated along with analyzing its impact on national security. The level of security is deteriorating across the globe with the rapid evolution of organized crime. Organized crime is a disciplinary structure of exhibiting illegal activities. The main objective of such crime is to gain high-profit margins.

Kant's Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals Essay

Kant's Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals - Essay Example The moral worth is determined by the principle acted upon. Therefore, as a Kantian, taking coffee from the automated machine to meet the addiction is morally worth since the airline pilot is on duty and he or she works for the airline. Taking coffee from an automated machine that belongs to the airline for his good and of the passages is morally good. In addition to that, Kant argues that â€Å"true inclination of purpose must be to yield a will that is upright† (Kant and Allen, 31), in other words, Kant that the actions done by a man should serve another purpose that is good. The primary intention of the airliner is to be sober while piloting the plane. His intentions and motives are clear. He does not want to consume the coffee to satisfy his natural pleasure. Therefore, according to Kant, the action of him taking coffee without paying is morally accepted. Finally as a Kantian, it is good to seek assistance and permission from any attendant who is around. By doing so it one creates a channel of order or law in which other people would follow if cornered by such a situation. Kant observes that â€Å"I should never act apart from in a way that my maxim had better become a law that is universally accepted†, (Kant and Allen, 74) Kant is arguing one should do something with the understanding that whatever they are doing can become a law through which other people will be allowed to do the same thing. As a Kantian it is therefore good to use the right channels in obtaining the coffee. The airline pilot can look for an attendant to the automated machine and present his request. In doing so, he creates a law in which other people in a situation like his will follow to be helped. As to conclusion, a person has the free will to do anything one wants, however according to Kant in â€Å"Ground Work for the Metaphysics of Moral†; the will of a person is bound by moral law if that will is free. This is to say that a Kantian should do